Alexander The Great It-s A Diplomatic Minefield. - The World News - Who Owns

And that vacuum of evidence has become a political magnet.

“Everyone wants a piece of the corpse,” said Dr. Nadia al-Hassan, a heritage lawyer based in The Hague. “But here’s the legal twist. If the tomb were found tomorrow in Egypt, under UNESCO’s 1970 convention, it would belong to Egypt. If found in international waters off Cyprus? That’s a maritime law nightmare. And if found in Turkey, near ancient Halicarnassus? Ankara has already passed a law declaring all ‘Macedonian-era artifacts’ state property.”

— The World News

Not for its gold, but for its name.

The unlikeliest claimant, however, may be Iran. In a little-noticed 2019 speech, a mid-level Iranian cleric argued that Alexander (whom Persian tradition calls “the Accursed” for burning Persepolis) was “a Zoroastrian by action, if not by name,” citing his respect for Persian satraps and his marriage to Roxana, a Bactrian princess. The cleric suggested that Alexander’s soul, if not his bones, belongs to the Iranian cultural sphere. “He destroyed our empire, then became it,” the cleric said. “That makes him ours.”

The core problem is simple, and maddening. Alexander’s final resting place—the Soma of Alexander in Alexandria, Egypt—was one of the ancient world’s most sacred pilgrimage sites. Roman emperors from Caesar to Caracalla made the trek. Then, sometime between the 3rd and 4th centuries AD, history lost track. Earthquakes, rising sea levels, and the slow decay of empires erased the tomb from memory. Unlike the relatively recent discovery of Richard III under a parking lot, Alexander has remained stubbornly, magnificently, missing .

She was not looking at North Macedonia, but at a new documentary funded by a private consortium in the Republic of North Macedonia (formerly just “Macedonia,” a name dispute that took nearly three decades to resolve). The film, The King Who Was Not Greek , marshals fringe archaeological theories suggesting Alexander’s mother, Olympias, had Illyrian (proto-Balkan) roots, and that his court spoke a now-extinct language unrelated to classical Greek. And that vacuum of evidence has become a political magnet

Because the moment a marble sarcophagus is found—inscribed “Alexander III of Macedon”—the quiet skirmish of academic papers and press releases will end. And the real war will begin.

The latest flare-up began last month when Greece’s culture minister, Lina Mendoni, declared in Parliament that “the Macedonian king is, and always will be, a purely Hellenic figure. Any attempt to co-opt his legacy by neighboring states is an act of historical falsification.”

But the conflict isn’t just regional. Enter North Macedonia’s powerful neighbor to the east: Bulgaria. Last year, a Bulgarian historian published a genetic analysis of skeletal remains from a 4th-century BC grave near the modern town of Sandanski, claiming “significant Thracian lineage markers” consistent with Alexander’s described appearance. The Bulgarian Ministry of Culture quietly funded a follow-up study, prompting an official protest from Athens and a formal letter from North Macedonia’s prime minister demanding access to the data. “But here’s the legal twist

— He conquered the known world before turning 30, carved an empire from the Balkans to the Indus River, and died in a Babylonian palace under circumstances still debated by historians. But more than 2,300 years after his death, Alexander the Great has ignited a new kind of war: a diplomatic, cultural, and legal brawl over who gets to claim his bones.

Meanwhile, a private American salvage company, Amphipolis Holdings LLC, has quietly secured exploration permits from Egypt’s Ministry of Antiquities to conduct ground-penetrating radar scans beneath the modern city of Alexandria. Their spokesperson declined to comment, but a leaked investor prospectus described the potential find as “the single most valuable unclaimed archaeological asset on Earth.”

The proposal was leaked to The World News by a European diplomat who called it “well-intentioned but hopeless.” As the diplomat put it: “You can’t arbitrate a ghost. Until someone actually finds Alexander’s body—assuming it wasn’t ground into pigment or scattered to the winds—every country with a flag and a library will keep fighting over who owns the man who owned the world.” That’s a maritime law nightmare

Or rather, who gets to claim his absence of bones.