Clauses And - Phrases Showing Contrast And Exception Exercises

| Phrase | Meaning & Use | Example | |--------|---------------|---------| | | excluding | Everyone except John came. / Except for the ending , the movie was great. | | apart from | same as except (can include or exclude) | Apart from the high price , the phone is perfect. | | but (formal) | except | Nobody but you knows the secret. | | save for (literary) | except for | Save for a few scratches , the car is fine. | | excluding | explicitly not including | The price is $100, excluding tax. |

| Phrase | Structure | Example | |--------|-----------|---------| | | despite + noun/gerund | Despite the rain , we played soccer. / Despite being tired , she smiled. | | in spite of | in spite of + noun/gerund | In spite of his age , he runs marathons. | | contrary to | contrary to + noun | Contrary to expectations , the company grew. | clauses and phrases showing contrast and exception exercises

| Structure | Example | |-----------|---------| | | She would be perfect for the job, except that she lacks experience . | | except when/where/if | I walk to work except when it rains . | | only that (archaic) | He agreed, only that he wanted more time . | | Phrase | Meaning & Use | Example

| Structure | Example | |-----------|---------| | | No matter what you say , I won’t change my mind. | | whatever / whenever / wherever | Wherever he goes , he makes friends. / Whatever she cooks , it tastes good. | | | but (formal) | except | Nobody but you knows the secret

| Adverb | Meaning | Example | |--------|---------|---------| | | but | The book was long; however , it was fascinating. | | nevertheless | despite that | The flight was delayed; nevertheless , we made the meeting. | | on the other hand | alternative view | Living in a city has advantages; on the other hand , it’s noisy. | | in contrast | direct opposite | Ancient Rome was centralized; in contrast , Greece was fragmented. |

Unlike although , these are not followed by a subject + verb .

| Conjunction | Meaning & Use | Example | |-------------|---------------|---------| | | despite the fact that | Although it rained , we enjoyed the picnic. | | even though | stronger than although | Even though he trained hard , he lost the race. | | though | informal, can be at end | Though she was tired , she finished the report. (or: She finished the report, though .) | | whereas | shows direct opposition | I love action movies, whereas my sister prefers rom-coms . | | while | similar to whereas (can also mean time) | While most students passed , a few failed the exam. |